Ethical issues in research with second victims: A scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Second victim is the name given to the healthcare personnel-most often a nursing professional-involved with the error that led to the adverse event to a patient and who, as a result, have experienced negative psychological effects. Research with second victims has increased over the years, however concerns exist with regards to the ethical risks imposed upon these individuals. AIM: To explore the extent to which research with second victims of adverse events in healthcare settings adhere to ethical requirements. METHODS: A scoping review was conducted following Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework and using the following databases: PUBMED, Web of Science, and SCOPUS. Original research of any study design focused on second victims and published in English, Spanish, or Portuguese in 2014-2023 were included. A critical narrative approach was used to discuss the findings. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS: The review followed ethical guidelines emphasizing accurate authorship attribution and truthful data reporting. RESULTS: Fifteen studies using qualitative (n = 2), quantitative (n = 10), and mixed-method (n = 3) designs were included. Over half were not assessed by a research ethics committee, with questionable reasons given by the authors. One-third did not refer to having used an informed consent. In two studies, participants were recruited by their workplace superiors, which could potentially right to autonomy and voluntary participation. CONCLUSION: Over half of the included studies with second victims did not comply with fundamental ethical aspects, with risk to inflict respect for individual autonomy, confidentiality, and of not causing any harm to participants. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING RESEARCH: Healthcare personnel involved in adverse events are most often nursing professionals; therefore, any breach of ethics in research with this population is likely to directly affect their rights as research participants. We provide recommendations to promote better research practices with second victims towards safeguarding their rights as research participants.

Linear immunoglobulin A dermatosis: A case report. / Dermatosis inmunoglobulina A lineal: a propósito de un caso.

We present the case of a sixty five year old woman with two months history of pruritus and hyperpigmented annular lesions on the trunk, buttocks and upper extremities. In addition, she presents vesicles with healthy skin on the basis, in the flexor aspect of wrists. No evidence of mucosal involvement. Histological study showed subepidermal vesicular dermatitis with inflammatory infiltrate of neutrophils and eosinophils. Direct immunofluorescence evidenced linear and continuous deposition of immunoglobulin A in basement membrane zone, compatible with linear immunoglobulin A disease.

En este texto se presenta el caso de una paciente de sesenta y cinco años con sintomatología de dos meses de evolución consistente en prurito y lesiones hiperpigmentadas anulares en tronco, glúteos y extremidades superiores. En el área flexora de las muñecas presenta vesículas sobre base eritematosa y piel sana, sin evidencia de compromiso mucoso. Al estudio histológico se constata dermatitis vesicular subepidérmica con infiltrado inflamatorio de neutrófilos y eosinófilos. La inmunofluorescencia directa muestra depósito lineal y continuo de inmunoglobulina A en zona de membrana basal, compatible con dermatosis por inmunoglobulina A lineal.

Situación de salud en asentamientos precarios / The health situation of precarious settlements

OBJETIVO: Conocer la situación de salud de los miembros del Campamento Manuel Bustos, en la región de Valparaíso, considerando sus características socioeconómicas y ambientales y la autopercepción del estado de salud. Material y MÉTODO: Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa, descriptiva y no experimental. Se aplicó un cuestionario a través de una entrevista semiestructurada a una muestra de 89 familias del campamento. RESULTADOS: Las familias del campamento se caracterizan principalmente por ser jóvenes, asistir a controles (principalmente el Niño Sano y EMPA), estar casi en su totalidad inscritos en un CESFAM. Las viviendas poseen irregular eliminación de excretas y un 40% de los hogares tiene algún miembro con hipertensión arterial. En promedio, los residentes valoran su estado de salud con nota 5 en una escala de 1 a 7.CONCLUSIÓN: Se observó que la situación de salud de los habitantes del campamento presenta aspectos positivos vinculados a la inscripción en CES-FAM y la asistencia a controles. No obstante, la alta presencia de hipertensión arterial, las precarias condiciones de eliminación de excretas y la presencia de basurales cercanos son factores de riesgo para la salud, que deberán ser atendidas por los organismos gubernamentales y no gubernamentales que trabajan en este territorio.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the health status of members of the Manuel Bustos Settlement, in the region of Valparaiso, in terms of socioeconomic and environmental characteristics and their self-perceived health status. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A descriptive and non-experimental quantitative study was conducted. A questionnaire was applied through semistructured interviews to 89 families in the settlement. RESULTS: Families of the settlement are characterized principally by their young age, for attending regular health appointments (mainly the Well Child check ups and preventative annual physical exam for adults), and, in the case of the majority, for being enrolled in a local community health center. Their houses have irregular human waste disposal and 40% of households have a member with hypertension. On average, the residents valued their health status with a grade of 5, on a scale from 1 to 7. CONCLUSIONS: The health situation of the inhabitants of the settlement presents positive as-pects related to health center enrollment and regular attendance of controls. However, the high prevalence of hypertension, the precarious conditions of eliminating human waste, and the pre-sence of nearby landfills are risk factors for health that must be addressed by government and nongovernmental organizations, which work in this territory.

Revisión de estenosis hipertrófica del píloro / Review of hypertrophic pyloro stenosis

La estenosis hipertrófica del píloro (EHP) es una patología quirúrgica común en la edad pediátrica. Apesar de ser una condición frecuente, su etiología aún no está claramente dilucidada. La presentación clínica corresponde a vómitos explosivos lácteos, no biliosos y en algunos casos oliva palpable en el abdomen u ondas peristálticas luego de ser alimentados. Si bien el manejo resolutivo de esta patología requiere la intervención del cirujano infantil, la sospecha inicial incluye al médico general y pediatra. Este artículo presenta una revisión de la literatura disponible sobre el tema.

Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (EHP) is a common surgical pathology in children. Despite being a common condition, its etiology is not yet clearly known. The clinical presentation corresponds to milky, explosive and nonbilious threw up, and in some cases palpable olive in the abdomen or peristaltic waves after being fed. While surgical management of this condition requires the intervention of child surgeon, the initial suspicion includes the general physician and pediatrician. This article presents a review of the available literature on the subject.